The Impact of Carbon Nanomaterials on the Formation and Properties of Electrodeposited Copper Composite Coatings

Abstract

A relation has been found between the crystalline parameters of the existing forms of carbon nanomaterials (CNMs),
in steady state and transient conditions, structural morphology and crystallography of the electrodeposited copper
composite coatings as well as its functional performance (hardness, roughness, resistivity).
It has been found that the surface formed in the presence of CNMs in electrolyte-suspension has a lower Ra
parameter of the standard surface roughness: 84 ±33 for Cu-CNM1, 70 ±42 for Cu-CNM2, 190 ±137 for Cu-CNM3,
while Ra of a pure copper coating is 254 ±39 nm and consequently it has a smoother profile than that of a pure copper
coating. The CNMs have a hardening effect on the metal matrix and its hardness increases from 190 kgf⋅mm–2 to
340 kgf⋅mm–2. The temperature coefficient of resistivity of composite coatings is close to that of pure copper.