Vertical Bone Augmentation Using a Pre-Formed Magnesium Barrier Membrane on a 3D-printed Model – A Case Report

Abstract

The restoration of edentulous jaws with dental implants has become a cornerstone of oral rehabilitation. However, extensive bone defects and especially vertical ridge deficiencies present a significant challenge to clinicians. This case report presents the utilization of a resorbable magnesium barrier membrane and magnesium screws for vertical bone augmentation, showcasing magnesium's unique properties-biocompatibility, mechanical strength, and resorbability as a promising alternative to both resorbable and non-resorbable membranes. A 49-year-old male with extensive bone deficiency in the maxillary premolar region underwent vertical ridge augmentation using a xenogenic bone substitute material, a pre-shaped magnesium membrane, and magnesium screws. Preoperative 3D printing and manual defect reconstruction provided precise planning and reduced intraoperative time. Magnesium membranes combine the mechanical properties of non-resorbable materials while also reducing patient morbidity by eliminating the need for second-stage surgery for their removal. 3D printing and pre-surgical planning optimize efficiency and execution of the procedure. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of guided bone regeneration using a pre-shaped magnesium membrane designed on a 3D-printed model. While early results are encouraging, further research is needed to validate the long-term efficacy of magnesium-based materials. The results of our case report highlight the potential of personalized, material-driven solutions for the treatment of complex cases in dental implantology.