Graphite-enhanced PCMs in Gypsum Boards for Reduced Building Energy Requirements

Abstract

The objective of this study is to improve the thermal characteristics of gypsum ceiling boards intended for building envelope applications, focusing on enhancing energy efficiency by integrating graphite-infused phase change material (PCM). The investigation examines PCM incorporation with graphite powder (PCM_GP) at 10 % and 20 % mass ratios using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis. The results indicate that the melting points of PCM, PCM_GP – 10 %, and PCM_GP – 20 % are approximately 59.6 °C, 59.6 °C, and 59.8 °C, respectively. Notably, the PCM_GP-10 % composite displays a narrower melting temperature range, signifying superior thermal characteristics. The PCM_GP-10 % composite layer significantly reduces the average room temperature by up to 3.79 % compared to non-PCM gypsum ceiling boards, up to 2.11 % compared to PCM layers without infused graphite, and up to 1.41 % compared to the PCM_GP-20 % composite layer under controlled temperature conditions when applied to gypsum ceiling boards. The optimized PCM_GP composite enhances thermal performance and thermal energy storage efficiency, leading to significant electrical energy savings by reducing cooling requirements within the building envelope. The implications of this study are crucial for sustainable construction materials and energy conservation strategies. Incorporating PCM_GP composites in building envelopes has the potential to enhance energy efficiency and thermal comfort, thus supporting sustainable and energy-efficient construction practices.